The study doesn't make much sense to me frankly. Their method is dusting every 2 weeks. ie on a 14 day cycle. mites stay on bees however 3-14 days average of 7. Now we all know PS does in fact get mites knocked off bees...we can see it for ourselves. And this study also mentions that it knocks down mite population for 24 hours. I use the OTS system to control mites, mostly, by breaking their breed cycle, but during the time of breaking their breed cycle I dust with PS, which knocks them off the bees.