Beemaster's International Beekeeping Forum

BEEKEEPING LEARNING CENTER => DISEASE & PEST CONTROL => Topic started by: capt44 on March 31, 2017, 09:49:35 pm

Title: European Foul Brood
Post by: capt44 on March 31, 2017, 09:49:35 pm
Folks better watch their hives close this year.
We've had a mild winter here in Arkansas again this year.
The state inspectors are finding quite a bit of European Foul Brood again this year.
I had one hive infected.
I had to isolate the queen for 10 days and treat with Terramyacin every 7 days for 3 treatments plus they quarantine you bee yard for 30 days or until it's clear.
I have 4 beeyards.
We have to treat not only the infected hive but every hive in the beeyard.
It's easy to treat.
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: iddee on March 31, 2017, 10:24:08 pm
Each state has it's own rules, so yours will have different rules than some others. Disregarding state rules, to cure EF, quarantining the queen helps, but isn't necessary. 3 TM treatments 7 days apart will cure it. Replacing the queen will cure it. Replacing or quarantining the queen plus TM is just more insurance.
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: Jim134 on April 01, 2017, 08:21:42 am
Folks better watch their hives close this year.
We've had a mild winter here in Arkansas again this year.
The state inspectors are finding quite a bit of European Foul Brood again this year.
I had one hive infected.
I had to isolate the queen for 10 days and treat with Terramyacin every 7 days for 3 treatments plus they quarantine you bee yard for 30 days or until it's clear.
I have 4 beeyards.
We have to treat not only the infected hive but every hive in the beeyard.
It's easy to treat.

One thing from January 1st 2017 and on. You will need a prescription from a veterinarian to use antibiotics on honeybee .. Oh and by the way this is all across USA&Canada
 
The FDA has tightened laws on feeding antibiotics to food producing animals (including honey bees) a veterinary prescription or feed directive order are required after January 1, 2017.  See the website www.BeeVets.com to look for a veterinarian near you who is willing to see honey bees if you think you need antibiotics for your bees. Calling a veterinarian to help you with your bees may seem foreign to most people in the USA and Canada.  In many other countries, veterinarians have been involved in diagnosing and treating honey bee diseases for many years.  

Go to page 84 on the link and you will find out more.

http://cdn.coverstand.com/38646/355625/aff3ec4a56d85278dd459a8adb0136f2180761a2.pdf

     BEE HAPPY Jim 134  :smile:
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: Acebird on April 01, 2017, 09:48:59 am
Replacing the queen will cure it.

Why does that work?
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: iddee on April 01, 2017, 01:11:40 pm
I have no idea, but that is what I was told by the Texas A&M chief apiarist in one of our conversations. He has also kept bees for over 50 years, many of those years as commercial pollinating almonds.
He's also a dad-gum, dad-blasted, dang liberal.    :tongue: :tongue: :tongue: :tongue: :tongue:
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: Acebird on April 01, 2017, 02:02:03 pm
He's also a dad-gum, dad-blasted, dang liberal.    :tongue: :tongue: :tongue: :tongue: :tongue:

OK, that proves that everything that he says it true. :tongue:
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: herbhome on April 01, 2017, 04:35:51 pm
Thanks for the heads-up Cap'n. :smile:
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: Jim134 on April 02, 2017, 10:18:40 am
Dr. Mike Simone-Finstrom
 Topic: Propolis and Honey Bees: What is the use of resin in the hive?
Dr. Mike wrote his PhD theses on European foulbrood being controlled by propolis hygienic bees... the major part of this was done about 4 to 5 years ago. He also mentioned several other ways to control EFB. One was done by changing the queen.That has known hygienic for European foulbrood. I wonder who did your homework and you're in School.  :wink:

https://phys.org/news/2012-03-bees-self-medicate-infected-pathogens.html


       BEE HAPPY Jim. 134  :smile:
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: capt44 on April 02, 2017, 05:53:35 pm
The European Foul Brood is a Bacteria that is in the cell.
 When the egg hatches the larva is infected.
 It dies before the cell is capped.
 It is easy to spot.
When looking at capped larva you will see a few empty cells among the capped ones.
Like when a hygienic bees clean the cells of varroa mites.
When you see this look closely at your uncapped brood
 The larva isn't a glistening white like a healthy larva.
It will be just on the verge of being capped, an off white to greyish to a tan and not capped.
They had me isolate the queen for 10 days to break the brood pattern.
So far the hives that were infected are doing great.
(http://i291.photobucket.com/albums/ll312/capt44/EFB%20FRAME1a_zps1wljjqgf.jpg)
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: gww on April 02, 2017, 06:59:56 pm
capt44
Thank you for posting the picture.  That was really helpful and not as overwhelming as looking at ten pictures of ten desiese.  This is a pretty good format for learning one thing at a time.
Thanks
gww
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: Acebird on April 02, 2017, 07:51:45 pm
Capt44 if the brood dies do the bacteria die and do they leave spores if they do?
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: Michael Bush on April 04, 2017, 04:28:50 pm
EHB is caused by Melissococcus pluton which used to be called Streptococcus pluton in the old books.  It does not produce spores.  It has to live on and in larvae.  The best protection is to never use antibiotics nor feed essential oils as they kill off the beneficial bacteria in the gut of the bees that gets fed to the larvae and triggers their immune system which gives them protection from EFB.  Losing that bacteria also makes them susceptible to AFB and Nosema. A brood break usually clears up EFB.  Feeding often clears up EFB.  Streptomycin is much more effective on EFB than Terramycin, but Streptomycin is not an approved treatment for honey bees.
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: Acebird on April 04, 2017, 06:19:16 pm
If a brood break would work why use any antibiotic?
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: Rurification on April 05, 2017, 08:05:41 am
... A brood break usually clears up EFB.  Feeding often clears up EFB... 

This is really good to know.   

Also, thanks Cap for that great pic.

I'm trying to figure out what it is about a brood break and feeding [sugar or syrup?] that would help them fight the bacteria...   What process is happening that allows it to work?
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: Michael Bush on April 05, 2017, 02:56:18 pm
>If a brood break would work why use any antibiotic?

Indeed.
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: AR Beekeeper on June 27, 2017, 10:59:51 am
One reason for treating EFB, rather than just a brood break, is that even if the disease disappears the reinfection rate is over 20% without the antibiotic treatment and only 4% reinfection if Terramycin is used.  Some reports say that feeding and a brood break is no longer removing the disease.

Dr. C. C. Miller found that if an infected colony was made strong by adding young bees from a non-infected colony, the old queen removed and 10 days later a new young queen introduced, and the colony was fed syrup during the 10 day period, the bees would remove the sick larvae and clean the cells of infectious materials.  He said that even with his treatment reinfection of 25% or more would occur and would need to be retreated the following year.   
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: mtnb on June 27, 2017, 11:51:22 am
>If a brood break would work why use any antibiotic?

Indeed.

Seriously tho. Thanks for this thread and the pictures capt. 
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: BeeMaster2 on June 28, 2017, 12:53:07 am
Good info. It has been several years since I studied EFB/AFB and this was a good refresher.
Jim
Title: Re: European Foul Brood
Post by: tycrnp on July 16, 2017, 11:30:57 am
Awesome picture Capt, very helpful. A picture is truly worth a thousand words!  Thanks.