Hi Mr. Ben. I use green frame, waxed out drone frame. This seems to encourage the queen to lay early drone brood. The queens are quick to fill these frames for drone production. Usually by March I will have at least one queen that has filled both sides of the green frame. Only Breeder quality hives receive the green frame. However, support quality hives always lay drone brood as well, but to a lesser extent than the breeder quality hives with full frames specially made for drones. A third lower level hives, these are culls, an undisirable support hive will have drone brood disposed of and requeened.
I have 3 levels of honey bee hives: top quality, support, and cull.
1. Top quality: my breeder hives: with all my desired characteristics. Drones encouraged.
2. Support hives: good hives but for one reason or another, usually mites, not breeder quality. Drones accepted.
3. Cull, Red tape: as in my pic, Hives that just don?t qualify: low numbers, aggressive, high mite load, etc Drone brood destroyed, these hives are split and requeened to become above #1 or #2.
With the above in mind, my hives should improve year after year. Well, that is the plan anyway.