Thanks for the replies, both of you. I was beginning to think no one else had heard of it.
It's interesting that the terminology seems to be so old, and it's certainly possible here in the mountains that a 100 year old phrase that's obsolete elsewhere would be preserved. It's one of the reasons I love living in the mountains so much, time moves so much slower here. When he mentioned the strain of bees, he referred to them as if they were very common, so them being Italians is possible, although that doesn't really line up with them being black. When he was talking to my dad, he also used the term "five band", instead of "five lined", if that jogs any more memories.