This is the first year I have used this on all my new frames. I drill two holes in the bottom frame about 6 inches from end of frame, yes I made a jig to get the skewers equally spaced and drill three bottom bars at a time. I build the frames in a jig and put skewers through the holes, and drive them into the top bar, as per Little John,s picture. Then I use pieces of scrape cut to the groove width( not critical) and glue them between the skewers, which have been driven into the top bar. Then a "Little dab will do you." of glue at bottom and top, cut the excess length skewers with heavy wire cutters and you have a stronger frame and the bees have a guide that they use very quickly. I have used the cut off skewers in the ends of a few frames to see if there is any benefit, they extend only about two inches into the frame, this remains to be seen. When I first did this I melted wax and brushed on the starter strip. Then I read that Michael Bush does not use any wax because he has had the dipped wax give away in hot weather, I have seen new comb fall off a frame but do not know if it was brushed or not. The rest of this has proven to work for me.I should have added the strips are cut to the size of popsicle sticks.