Hey Highlands , You're getting quite a nice blanket of snow there I see . Us too . If you feel that the snow is somehow sealing off the hive , like it is wet and heavy , or compacted , you might consider poking an airhole in for them with a stick . They need air , and there has to be some ventilation, or condensation problems will develop .
I faced the same challenges here my first 3 years. Here are some simple things I have done to try and adapt to the conditions and improve my bees survivabilty : 1. I went with top entrances (3/8 x 1") in the inner cover , I perforated the inner cover every 2" with a 1/8 drill, Above that I place a medium super , and in that super I place a piece of R12 fiberglass batt cut to fit. 2. Above that I put on a 3ft square piece of corrugated roofing tin (1/2" shim on one side to facilitate watershed/drainage) and on top of that I put a piece of firewood heavy enough to keep the wind from blowing the tin off . It is important the tin be corrugated as the corrugations provide ventilation , like an attic . I kept my lower entrances , and simply keep them blocked with a solid wood block which I temporarily remove on the warm winter daytimes (we call those warm spells "Chinooks" ) during which the bees are often doing their cleansing flights and doing some housecleaning . I believe having the bottom entrance open a couple of inches during these times to be helpful to the bees for one of their sad but neccessary tasks , O.K. everybody sing with me in a somber tone BRING OUT YOUR DEAD .
3.I had real issues the first few years with mice getting into the hives and making a royal mess , going to top entrances was part of the solution . The part that finally fixed Mickey and Minneys' fun was to put the colonies up onto elevated (15" hive stands whose legs had been put into coffee cans .
There you have it . After a few tragic , train wreck winters , we are finally beginning to have bees survive in numbers sufficient to produce the honey we need and then some. ---Burl---