I have watched a queen in my observation hive start laying eggs right after the winter solstice. I had saved her from a hive that had been a late swarm. She had no more than a couple hundred bees by Dec 22. A week after the solstice I started seeing wet larvae on one outside frame that was about the size of a 1/2 dollar. By March, she had filled the 2 bottom frames, of an 8 frame Ob hive, with bees and a large ball of bees outside the entrance. Then they absconded even though there was a lot of room above them to move up.
Jim