i don't know what your temps are, as I'm not from your neck of the woods, but I can try to give you as much help as possible.
It's usually better to determine if the hive is not queenright before it gets too cold. But, hindsight is always 20/20.
You should not have left the super out. It MIGHT have worked if you took the super off RIGHT BEFORE sunset, then came back a little later, when it's dark and cold. The safer, and smarter bet is not to do it at all though. Again, hindsight is 20/20.
If you don't have a queen, they are screwed. They may be able to produce a queen (if they had young larvae), but if it's too cold for drones to be around it won't matter much, as she won't be mated in time.
So, what can you do from here? Basically, here are your options.
1. If you do nothing, and you are 100% positive the hive 1 is queenless, you will lose the hive. You could do nothing and hope for the best, as it's too late to do anything (probably what I would do).
2. If you are not 100% positive they are queenless, open them up on the warmest day and find the queen. Finding her or not probably won't help you though. If they are queenless and you confirm it, they are done. If you find the queen, you probably hurt them by inspecting.
3. Order a queen and place it in the hive, and hope for the best. If you don't mind spending $20-30 on a queen, go for it, but your odds of it working probably arn't high.
4. Combine the two hives using the newspaper method. This increases hive 2's chance of surviving, while saving whatever bees are left in hive one (making sure they don't die in vein).
Of those options, I prefer #1. It's less work, and too late to bother. If you are sure they are queenless, my next favorite method is to combine them. If you have two queens though, one will kill the other (and you are not guaranteed the better one will survive). If you don't want to give up your second hive, then go with #3, although this is a slim chance of survival. Least favorite is #2.