I guess it depends on how close friends you want to be with the neighbors. It is worth to have an initial conversation with them and go from there. As far as I know you are under no obligation to alter your choices based on a neighbor's allergies. I would start the discussion with the fact that you will be starting an apiary in the spring (be very clear, but not over powering). DOn't be wishy warshy (thinking/deciding/etc) that gives them the opinion they have some input to the decision or can convince you otherwise. Simply stating I will be starting an apiary should make that clear. I have a colleague who always says don't ask someone for permission for something you have the right to do. His favorite example is "never ask someone if you can walk on the sidewalk in front of their house, what are you going to do if they say NO".
Once you make that clear, I would suggest you explain to them the difference between wasps/hornets and bees. Most people group them all together. A lot of people claim they are allergic when it is just a swelling reaction and not anaphylactic/life threatening. Secondly, it is my understanding that most true allergic reactions are to wasps/hornets and not honeybees. I have worked with Amber Rose who is a legend in the bee venom therapy area (trained under Charles Mraz) and at the time she had claimed to of stung 10000+ people with honeybees and never had an anaphylactic reaction. She had protocols she followed that we won't get into here. Depending how receptive they are to the discussion I would suggest they be tested for honeybee sting allergies and if truly found to be allergic invest in having epipens available in case needed.
Beyond that, I find a small jar of honey always "sweetens" the relationship with neighbors.